Nature Method 是套免費的英文字學教材。第二章的主題是「年、月、週、日」。內容很生活化,也就是我們每天都在用的月份和星期,非常適合拿來練習序數(第一、第二、第三…)的說法。
第二章內容大意
[影片嵌入]
第二章從月份開始,January、February 一路數到 December,帶出「一年有 12 個月」的概念。接著繼續往下拆:一年有 12 個月、一個月有 4 週、一週有 7 天,最後列出星期一到星期日的說法。
課文的後半段開始出現疑問句,像是 How many months are there in a year? 然後直接給你答案 There are 12 months in a year.——這個問答的結構在第一章就出現過,這章開始大量練習。
還有一個小陷阱也在這章出現:課文問「一週的第八天是哪天?」答案是「沒有第八天,一週只有七天」。這種「確認理解」的問題設計很有趣,讓你在不知不覺中複習了前面學過的東西。
月份怎麼念?自然發音拆解
月份的單字看起來很長(我記得我在第一次碰到這些單字的時候,也覺得很可怕),但其實跟著發音把字母拆開來,其實就沒那麼可怕了。這邊不用記音標,就把發音拆解開來念念看。
(如果你有興趣,可以看看我拆解發音的方式:
該怎麼拆解發音呢?你可以嘗試看看,在聽到單字時,試著用「注音」把那個字的發音拼出來。拚完之後,你回想一下你剛剛嘗試用注音抓到的那個片段,其實就是我們要拆解發音的方法了喔。
比方說,March,用注音你怎麼寫呢?應該會是「ㄇㄚ˙、ㄑㄩ」,對吧?這兩個發音「小段落」就是我們要拆解的發音單位。)
看影片時,請注意每個音節的母音(a e i o u y ) 有什麼變化,理解到「原來這些母音會這樣變化」就可以了
| 月份 | 拆解 | 發音說明 |
|---|---|---|
| January | Jan・u・ar・y | J 發 /dʒ/,an 短母音,像「見」 |
| February | Feb・ru・ar・y | b 後面的 r 很多人會省略,唸 Feb-yoo-ary 也可以 |
| March | March | ar 組合發 /ɑr/,像「媽」拉長 |
| April | A・pril | A 長母音「欸」,pr 連在一起 |
| May | May | ay 長母音,像「美」 |
| June | June | u 長母音,j 發 /dʒ/ |
| July | Ju・ly | ly 的 y 發長母音 /aɪ/,像「萊」 |
| August | Au・gust | au 發 /ɔ/,像「喔」 |
| September | Sep・tem・ber | 三個音節,後四個月結尾都是 -ber,一起記 |
| October | Oc・to・ber | oc 短母音,to 長母音 |
| November | No・vem・ber | No 長母音「no」 |
| December | De・cem・ber | De 短母音,c 在這發 s 的音 |
課文與重點
月份與序數
January is a month. February is also a month. There are 12 months.
一月是一個月,二月也是一個月。這裡總共有十二個月(推測:month 這個字應該是什麼意思呢?)
January is the first month. February is the second month. March is the third month. April is the fourth month. May is the fifth month. June is the sixth month.
一月是第一個月,二月是第二個月,三月是第三個月,四月是第四個月,五月是第五個月,六月是第六個月。
(推測:第一、第二、一直到第六應該是哪些單字呢?)
July is the seventh month. August is the eighth month. September is the ninth month. October is the tenth month. November is the eleventh month. December is the twelfth month.
七月是第七個月,八月是第八個月,九月是第九個月,十月是第十個月,十一月是第十一個月,十二月是第十二個月。
(推測:第七到第十二又是哪些單字呢?)
✧ 序數怎麼記? 大部分的規律是在數字後面加 -th(fourth、fifth…),但前三個比較特別,要另外記:
- 1st → first
- 2nd → second
- 3rd → third
年、月、週、日的關係
January is the first month of the year. December is the last month of the year.
一月是一年的第一個月,十二月是一年的最後一個月。(推測:last 這個字應該是什麼意思呢?)
A year has 12 months. A month has four weeks. Three months have 13 weeks. A week has 7 days. 2 weeks have 14 days.
一年有十二個月。一個月有四週。三個月有十三週。一週有七天。兩週有十四天。
(推測:week 和 day 又是什麼意思呢?)
✧ last 是「最後的」,和 first(第一)是一對,很常一起出現。
星期
The seven days of the week are: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday is the last day of the week.
✧ 英文的一週從 Sunday(星期日) 開始,不是從星期一,這點跟中文習慣不一樣,記一下。
重點句型
How many months are there in a year? 一年有幾個月?
There are 12 months in a year. 一年有 12 個月。
✧ How many… are there in…? 是「某地方有幾個…?」的問法,把第一章學的 There are… 變成問句的版本。 ✦ 問句和答句的結構是對稱的,問 How many months are there in a year? 就用 There are 12 months in a year. 回答,直接套就好。
What is the last month of the year? 一年的最後一個月是哪個月?
December is the last month of the year. 十二月是一年的最後一個月。
✧ What is…? 是「…是什麼?」的問法,這章大量出現,跟著課文多念幾次就會有感覺。
What day is the eighth day of the week? 一週的第八天是哪天?
There is no eighth day of the week. There are only seven days in a week. 一週沒有第八天,一週只有七天。
✧ There is no… 是「沒有…」的說法,這邊用來回答「不存在的東西」。 ✦ only(只有)放在數字前面,語氣上有點「就這樣,別想太多」的感覺。
重點單字整理
這章的單字很好記,因為月份和星期你大概都見過,只是可能叫不太出來。趁這機會把它們對上去就好。
📅 月份
| 英文 | 中文 | 序數說法 |
|---|---|---|
| January | 一月 | the first month |
| February | 二月 | the second month |
| March | 三月 | the third month |
| April | 四月 | the fourth month |
| May | 五月 | the fifth month |
| June | 六月 | the sixth month |
| July | 七月 | the seventh month |
| August | 八月 | the eighth month |
| September | 九月 | the ninth month |
| October | 十月 | the tenth month |
| November | 十一月 | the eleventh month |
| December | 十二月 | the twelfth month |
📆 星期
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Sunday | 星期日 |
| Monday | 星期一 |
| Tuesday | 星期二 |
| Wednesday | 星期三 |
| Thursday | 星期四 |
| Friday | 星期五 |
| Saturday | 星期六 |
🔢 時間單位與數量
| 英文 | 中文 | 補充 |
|---|---|---|
| year | 年 | a year = 一年 |
| month | 月 | 複數:months |
| week | 週 | a week = 一週 |
| day | 天 | 複數:days |
| last | 最後的 | ↔ first |
| only | 只有 | only seven days |
| how many | 幾個 | 用來問數量 |
🔗 關鍵句型
| 句型 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| How many… are there in…? | 某地有幾個…? | How many days are there in a week? |
| There are… in… | 某地有… | There are 7 days in a week. |
| There is no… | 沒有… | There is no eighth day. |
| What is the…? | …是什麼? | What is the last month? |
| A… has… | 一個…有… | A week has 7 days. |
逐字稿(附中文對照)
January is a month. February is also a month. There are 12 months. 一月是一個月份。二月也是一個月份。總共有 12 個月。
January is the first month of the year. December is the last month of the year. 一月是一年的第一個月。十二月是一年的最後一個月。
A year has 12 months. A month has four weeks. A week has 7 days. 一年有 12 個月。一個月有 4 週。一週有 7 天。
💡 A… has… 是這章新出現的句型,意思是「一個…有…」。跟 There are… 可以互換,但語感稍微不一樣——A week has 7 days 講的是「週這個單位本身的性質」,比較像在說一個事實。
The seven days of the week are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday. 一週的七天是星期日、星期一、星期二、星期三、星期四、星期五、星期六。
Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday is the last day of the week. 星期日是一週的第一天。星期六是一週的最後一天。
How many months are there in a year? There are 12 months in a year. 一年有幾個月?一年有 12 個月。
How many weeks are there in a month? There are four weeks in a month. 一個月有幾週?一個月有 4 週。
How many days are there in a week? There are seven days in a week. 一週有幾天?一週有 7 天。
💡 這三組問答結構完全一樣,只是換了時間單位。多念幾遍,句型就記住了。
What day is the eighth day of the week? 一週的第八天是哪天?
There is no eighth day of the week. There are only seven days in a week. 一週沒有第八天,一週只有七天。
💡 這種「問一個不存在的東西」的題型,課文後面會一直出現。用意是讓你確認自己真的理解了,不只是照著背。
練習題
🖊️ 試著回答看看
Q1:What is the ninth month of the year? → ____________
Q2:How many days are there in two weeks? → ____________
Q3:Is there a 13th month of the year? → ____________
Q4:What is the fourth day of the week? → ____________
參考答案:
- September is the ninth month of the year.
- There are 14 days in two weeks.
- No, there is no 13th month. There are only 12 months in a year.
- Wednesday is the fourth day of the week.
📌 這章帶走三件事
- 序數的規律:大部分加 -th,但 first / second / third 要另外記
- How many… are there in…?:問數量的萬用句型
- 英文的週從 Sunday 開始,不是 Monday
📚 想看完整原文課本?可以直接免費下載: ✦ Nature Method 英文課本 PDF(免費)